Menú desplegable de pista

El Menú desplegable de pista es accedido apretando en el nombre de pista (en el triángulo apuntando hacia abajo) en el Panel de control de pista. Alternativamente, usted puede acceder al Menú desplegable de pista en la pista enfocada presionando SHIFT + M. Use el menú desplegable para manipular pistas estéreo o individuales: Renombrar una pista Mover una pista hacia arriba o abajo en la ventana de proyecto Ajustar el tipo actual de vista para la pista Ajustar si la pista es mono, cana izquierdo o derecho Hacer o dividir pistas estéreo Ajustar la frecuencia de muestreo y formato de muestreo actuales para la pista. Para cambiar el tipo de vista de pista predeterminado con el que el proyecto siempre inicia, cambie el "Modo de vista predeterminado" en las Preferencias de pistas. Para cambiar la frecuencia de muestreo y el formato de muestreo predeterminados con los que un nuevo proyecto siempre inicia, baya a las Preferencias de calidad.

Nombre...

Muestra el diálogo "Nombre de pista" donde usted puede darle a la pista un nuevo nombre. Útil en proyectos multipista para dar una indicación visual del contenido de cada pista.

Moviendo pistas

Cualquier pista individual puede ser movida arriba o abajo usando los ítemes del menú.

• Desplazar pista hacia arriba: Mueve la pista hacia arriba.
• Desplazar pista hacia abajo: Mueve la pista hacia abajo.

Usualmente es más conveniente simplemente hacer clic en el Panel de control de pista a la izquierda de la pista y arrastrar la pista arriba o abajo

Onda

La primera mitad de esta onda es un tono "Chirp" que permanece a la misma amplitud (sonoridad), como se muestra por la parte superior e inferior horizontales. La escala lineal a la izquierda va desde +1 en la parte superior (la sonoridad máxima sin distorsión cuando la señal es positiva) a -1 en la parte inferior (el máximo cuando es negativa). La línea horizontal centrada en 0.0 es silencio. Lo que no puede ser sin acercarse mucho es que el tono de este tono se incrementa gradualmente. Aumentar mostraría los ciclos individuales en la onda (los picos positivos y negativos) ocurriendo mucho más cerca uno del otro al final del sonido. La segunda mitad de la onda es la palabra "Audacity" pronunciada por una voz de hombre.

Esta imagen es una vista de onda de un chirp extremadamente corto, un décimo de segundo, con solo unos pocos ciclos, donde el tono incrementa muy rápido. Ya que es tan corto, podemos aumentar para poder ver el espaciamiento cercano de los ciclos al incrementar la frecuencia (y por ende el tono) de izquierda a derecha.

Onda (dB)

This is the same chirp and word as in the first onda image, but in this view the vertical scale is in dB. This is a logarítmico method of displaying the amplitude. It gives a better representation of the sound we hear, because this scaling gives better detail for the fainter sounds. It also shows more clearly than the waveform view how the energy of the "Audacity" word is naturally concentrated in the central "dac" part, and weakest at the end.

The dB range of the vertical scale is set in Editar > Preferencias > Interfaz.

Spectrogram

This view of the same chirp and word shows how the amount of energy in different frequency bands changes over time. Higher frequencies are at the top of the scale, lower frequencies at the bottom. The blue color is the least energy and the red and white are the most. The progressive increase of pitch in the chirp tone is vividly demonstrated by the upward sloping diagonal line. Spectrogram view also confirms that the "Audacity" word has most energy in the middle of the word.

• Go to the Preferencias de espectrogramas to see the options for adjusting exactly how the spectrum is displayed.
• You can click in the escala vertical at any time to zoom in to a particular frequency range, or right-click to zoom out. Frequencies higher than half the sample rate of the track are not displayed because a given rate cannot contain higher frequencies than that.
• Este tutorial in the Wiki shows how the Spectrogram view can be used to help track down and eliminate hard to find clicks.

Espectrograma logarítmico(f)

This view is the same as the Spectrogram view except that the vertical scale is logarithmic.

Tono (EAC)

Highlights the contour of the fundamental frequency (musical pitch) of the audio, using the Enhanced Autocorrelation (EAC) algorithm.

The EAC Algorithm was developed to produce a mathematical representation of the changes of pitch in a piece of audio. The aim was to allow automated comparison of sound files so that two versions of the same tune could be recognized as being similar, even if played in different keys, or on different instruments.

When using Pitch view, go to Preferencias de espectrogramas and make sure that "Frequency Gain" is set to 0 or 1. Any other setting will make the Pitch view unusable.

• Here is the spoken word "Audacity" in Pitch view:

• Here is a two-octave scale from middle C played on the piano.

Splitting and Joining Channels

• Mono, Left Channel and Right Channel Mainly used on multiple single channel files (ones that are not the split left and right channels of a stereo pair) so as to mix to a final stereo track. "Mono" feeds the output of that track to both left and right speakers on most two channel systems; "Left Channel" and "Right Channel" feed it only to that respective speaker. Currently Audacity does not support multi-channel playback.
• Make Stereo Track Use this command on the upper of two adjacent, single channel tracks which you want to join into one stereo track. The upper track will become the left channel of the new stereo pair, and the lower the right channel. The tracks do not need to be selected with the mouse or keyboard before this process, and either can be mono, left or right before joining to stereo.
• Split Stereo Track splits the two channels of a stereo pair into separately editable left and right channels, left above the right. If you are mixing multiple single channel files, you might want to use the "Split Stereo to Mono" command noted below then use the pan slider on the Panel de control de audio. This will give you more control over the pan than leaving the tracks as left and right channel.
• Split Stereo to Mono splits the two channels of a stereo pair into separately editable mono channels.

See Dividir una grabación en pistas separadas for more details on using the Split Stereo Track, Split Stereo to Mono and Make Stereo Tracks commands.

Ajustar formato de muestreo

Change the sample format of the track to 16-bit integer PCM, 24-bit integer PCM or 32-bit floating point. The numbers representing each sample in the waveform will be recalculated.

Ajustar frecuencia

Change the frecuencia de muestreo of the track, which can be thought of as the concentration of audio muestras in the track or the time distance between them. Increasing the rate squeezes the existing samples into a shorter length (so increasing playback speed and pitch), while decreasing the rate spreads them out over a greater length (so reducing playback speed and pitch). This is useful for example if you import a file that has the wrong rate and thus plays at the wrong speed.

Changing the sample rate of a track without changing the speed involves remuestrear. Resampling for exportar is always done by changing the Project Rate in Barra de herramientas de selección. To resample a track for use in the project, choose Remuestrear en el menú Pistas.