Μάθημα - Ρυθμίσεις Audacity για ηχογράφηση

Τώρα που ξέρετε πώς θα έχετε ήχο στον υπολογιστή, είναι ώρα να ξεκινήσετε το Audacity και να κάνετε μερικές βασικές ρυθμίσεις για να ενεργοποιήσετε την ηχογράφηση.

Ρυθμός δειγματοληψίας έργου

Ο ρυθμός δειγματοληψίας σεHz καθορίζει τον αριθμό των ψηφιακών δειγμάτων ήχου ανά δευτερόλεπτο που λαμβάνονται από ένα συνεχές αναλογικό σήμα.

44100 Hz είναι τυπικό για δημιουργία αρχείων που μπορούν να γραφούν σε CD ήχου ή για υψηλής ποιότητας αρχεία MP3.

Μορφή δειγματοληψίας έργου

Η μορφή δειγματοληψίας έργου (γνωστή επίσης και ως βάθος δυαδικού ψηφίου ή μέγεθος λέξης) είναι ο αριθμός των δυαδικών ψηφίων του υπολογιστή που παρουσιάζεται σε κάθε δείγμα ήχου. Καθορίζει τη δυναμική περιοχή του ήχου. Η προεπιλογή του Audacity έχει ορισθεί σε 32-bit κινητής υποδιαστολής. Αυτή είναι καλή για επεξεργασία του ήχου. Μπορείτε εύκολα να μειώσετε το δείγμα σε 16 δυαδικά ψηφία (το πρότυπο για δημιουργία αρχείων WAV που μπορούν να εγγραφούν σε CD ήχου) όταν εξαχθούν αργότερα.

Δείτε το ψηφιακός ήχος για περισσότερες εξηγήσεις των ρυθμών δειγματοληψίας και μορφών.

Εάν χρειαστείτε να αλλάξετε τη μορφή δειγματοληψίας σας αυτό μπορεί να γίνει μόνο στη ενότητα Ποιότητα των Προτιμήσεων. Όμως, συνιστάται έντονα να διατηρήσετε την προεπιλεγμένη ρύθμιση.

Temporary Files

Most users have only one hard disk. However, if you have multiple hard disks, you will want to make sure that Audacity uses your largest or fastest hard disk to store audio. Open the Preferences (in the Edit menu, or the Audacity menu on Mac) and click on the Directories tab. Make sure that the directory listed is on your preferred hard disk.

If your home directory is mounted from a remote server, you definitely do not want Audacity's temporary directory to be there!

Software Playthrough

Now click on the Transport menu and, if you are recording from a microphone, make sure that "Software Playthrough" is not checked - Software Playthrough will cause undesirable feedback from the computer speakers to the microphone. If you are recording a guitar or keyboard and want to hear the instrument through the computer speakers, make sure that "Software Playthrough" is checked.

Using Software Playthrough will cause a slight delay between time you play a note and the time you hear it. The amount of delay will vary between computers and operating systems. There is no way to avoid this delay. If you find it bothersome, the best solution is to play the guitar or keyboard through a mixer and plug headphones into the mixer.

Hardware playthrough

This is a method available on some Windows and Linux machines that lets you unmute the input directly in the sound device. To use this, open the operating system sound mixer, then the Playback section, then unmute line-in and turn the volume up. You can find the system mixer in the Control Panel at Sound on Windows 10/Windows 8/Windows 7/Windows Vista or Sounds and Audio Devices on Windows XP. On Linux, it may be possible to unmute input devices in ALSAmixer then set playback and recording devices in Audacity to the (hw) device.

Unfortunately Macs have not had proper hardware playthrough support for some years. On most machines Audacity's Hardware Playthrough choice in Recording Preferences is not functional.

If hardware playthrough is required it is best to use an external USB or Firewire audio device that has a headphones jack for no-latency monitoring (such as the Behringer UCA 202 USB or Zoom H2 USB).

Overdub

Now click on the Transport menu again and make sure that "Overdub" is not checked. When this option is enabled Audacity will play other existing tracks while recording a new one. You can decide which tracks will play according to their mute/solo buttons on the Track Control Panel.

It is unlikely you will need overdub for your first recording. If you do want to overdub by (for example) singing over a recorded instrumental track, you should be aware of the Latency correction preference.

Latency correction

On most computer systems there will be a delay known as latency between singing or hitting your note and it being laid down in the recording. When Transport > Overdub (on / off) is set to "on" and you record with another track already present, Audacity will push the recorded track backwards by 130 milliseconds to compensate for the delay. If your latency is constant, you can adjust the Latency correction value so that your recorded tracks should end up properly synchronized with the other tracks after correction. To set a custom latency value for your system, see the Latency Test page.

Sound Activated Recording

Also on the Transport menu, make sure that "Sound Activated Recording" is not checked.

When this is enabled, recording will automatically start or resume when the recording volume rises above the chosen threshold level, and pause when the level falls below that threshold. You cannot pause Sound Activated recordings manually using the Pause button or corresponding menu item or shortcut.

Audacity Preferences

If you prefer, you can make the above settings in your Audacity Preferences. To access this, use Edit > Preferences... (or Audacity > Preferences... on Mac).

The image below shows the Recording section of Preferences:

File:Preferences Recording unchecked W10.png

There are many other settings that can be made in Preferences. Do take some time to explore and understand these.

For example Sample Rate and Sample Format can be changed in the Quality section of Preferences.

Links

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